How to Conduct an Interview in Sociology Research

Interviewing is a method of qualitative research (used by sociologists and other social scientists) in which the researcher asks open-ended questions orally. This research method is useful for collecting data that reveal the values, perspectives, experiences and worldviews of the population under study. Interviewing is often paired with other research methods including survey research, focus groups, and ethnographic observation. Key Takeaways: Research Interviews in Sociology Sociologists sometimes conduct in-depth interviews, which involve asking open-ended questions.One advantage of in-depth interviews is that they are flexible, and the researcher can ask follow-up questions to the respondent’s answers.The steps necessary for conducting an in-depth interview include preparing for data collection, conducting the interviews, transcribing and analyzing the data, and disseminating the study results. Overview Interviews, or in-depth interviews, are different from survey interviews in that they are less structured. In survey interviews, the questionnaires are rigidly structured—the questions must all be asked in the same order, in the same way, and only the pre-defined answer choices can be given. In-depth qualitative interviews, on the other hand, are more flexible. In an in-depth interview, the interviewer has a general plan of inquiry and may also have a specific set of questions or topics to discuss. However, it is not necessary for the interviewer to stick to predetermined questions, nor is it necessary to ask questions in a particular order. The interviewer must, however, be fully familiar with the subject in order to have an idea of potential questions to ask, and must plan so that things proceed smoothly and naturally. Ideally, the respondent does most of the talking while the interviewer listens, takes notes, and guides the conversation in the direction it needs to go. In such a scenario, the respondent’s answers to the initial questions should shape the subsequent questions. The interviewer needs to be able to listen, think, and talk almost simultaneously. Steps of the Interviewing Process Although in-depth interviews are more flexible than survey studies, it is important for researchers to follow particular steps in order to ensure that useful data is collected. Below, we’ll review the steps of preparing for and conducting in-depth interviews, and for using the data. Determining the Topic First, its necessary that the researcher decides on the purpose of the interviews and the topics that should be discussed in order to meet that purpose. Are you interested in a populations experience of a life event, set of circumstances, a place, or their relationships with other people? Are you interested in their identity and how their social surroundings and experiences influence it? Its the researchers job to identify which questions to ask and topics to bring up to elucidate data that will address the research question. Planning Interview Logistics Next, the researcher must plan the interview process. How many people must you interview? What variety of demographic characteristics should they have? Where will you find your participants and how will you recruit them? Where will interviews take place and who will do the interviewing? Are there any ethical considerations that must be accounted for?  A researcher must answer these questions and others before conducting interviews. Conducting Interviews Now youre ready to conduct your interviews. Meet with your participants and/or assign other researchers to conduct interviews, and work your way through the entire population of research participants. Typically interviews are conducted face-to-face, but they can also be done via telephone or video chat. Each interview should be recorded. Researchers sometimes take notes by hand, but more commonly a digital audio recording device is used. Transcribing Interview Data Once youve collected your interview data you must turn it into usable data by transcribing it—creating a written text of the conversations that composed the interview. Some find this to be a cumbersome and time-consuming task. Efficiency can be achieved with voice-recognition software, or by hiring a transcription service. However, many researchers find the process of transcription a useful way to become intimately familiar with the data, and may even begin to see patterns within it during this stage. Data Analysis Interview data can be analyzed after it has been transcribed. With in-depth interviews, analysis takes the form of reading through the transcripts to code them for patterns and themes that provide a response to the research question. Sometimes unexpected findings occur, and these findings should not be discounted even though they may not relate to the initial research question. Validating the Data Next, depending on the research question and the type of answer sought, a researcher may wish to  verify the reliability and validity of the information gathered by checking the data against other sources. Sharing Research Results Finally, no research is complete until it is reported, whether written, orally presented, or published through other forms of media.

The Prisoner s Fight, Patriotism, And Duty - 946 Words

Do the terms honor, patriotism, and duty defines a soldier’s hardships and struggles that he encounters during times of war? Defiant, recreates the experiences of eleven men captured during the Vietnam War and sent to the various camps like Hao Lo in North Vietnam. While there the American prisoners’ commitment to their honor, patriotism, and duty would be put to the test through the harsh living conditions and torture inflicted upon them both physically and mentally. Townley’s use of William Henley’s poem Invictus accurately describes the prisoner’s fight to preserve the values as a soldier and to their country. Throughout their time as prisoners, arguably these values of honor, patriotism, and duty were adapted and changed to help the POWs cope with their situation. The evolution of these values provided the POWs with hope, resistance, and the will to survive their North Vietnamese captors to return home. Duty defined the POWs experience during th eir time in North Vietnam as they tried to obey the moral promises to their military and country. In the beginning, many prisoners attempted to abide by the Code of Conduct they were taught. Jerry Denton encouraged his fellow POWs to stand with the code, their duty, and not divulge any information other than their branch, name, birthday, or record number. As their imprisonment continued their attitudes towards their duty and the code evolved. Knowing that they would submit to torture, their ideas of duty developed as theyShow MoreRelatedSlaughterhouse Five : The Atypical Novel1044 Words   |  5 Pagescharacter s demeanor or life is changed forever as a result of an event or obstacle they are forced to overcome. However; Kurt Vonnegut s Slaughterhouse Five breaks the mold of a traditional novel and blazes forward in a new and bizarre path. He uses a diverse cast of subordinate characters to make certain symbolic representations. Roland Weary, Paul Lazaro, and Edgar Derby are thr ee minor characters in the story; while different they serve to demonstrate the ideas of hatred, greed, and patriotism. HatredRead MoreEverything We Had By Al Santoli1604 Words   |  7 Pagescaptured in the Vietnam War and was the second longest held POW (Prisoner of War) at the infamous Hanoi Hilton. However most Americans are unaware of their sacrifice and bravery in the Vietnam War. Mexican Americans soldiers were represented in all major combat units. They also were awarded 14 Medals of Honor during the war. The Mexican Americans Vietnam soldiers shared the same sense of duty that inspired many of their family members to fight in World War I and the Korean conflict . Young Mexican AmericanRead MoreThe Many Reasons For The Civil War1203 Words   |  5 Pagesboth Union and Confederate soldiers to enlist and fight in the Civil War; most of these soldiers were volunteer soldiers. He proves his thesis that contrary to the popular belief that Civil War soldiers didn’t understand what they were fighting for, McPherson presents evidence that in fact, â€Å"a large number of those men in blue and gray were intensely aware of the issues at stake and passionately concerned about them† (4). After the war ended, Ulysses S. Grant also goes on to state, â€Å"our armies wereRead MoreHistory Of The United States1701 Words   |  7 Pagesthat led to the transformation from loyal Englishman to Americans stemmed from different things, including that the colonists felt that their rights as British citizens were being trampled on. In the 1750’s, there were major tensions over different events that were occurring in America. A fight broke out in 1754 over land that was in the Ohio valley that was claimed by Pennsylvania, Virginia , the French and the Indians that lived there. Because of this, the seven years war (The British term ) brokeRead MorePessimistic Nationalism : The Tacit Slavery Essay2391 Words   |  10 PagesOptimistic Nationalism: The Tacit Slavery The idea of patriotism is a subjective ideology. One maybe patriotic for putting his national flag outside his house, while another man is called patriotic for fighting for his nation. This love for one’s homeland is one that is natural and not all may possess such affection. However, during the reign of the German empire in the early 1900’s we see from historical evidence that patriotism was not a natural emotion that came about, however it was embeddedRead MoreThe Influence Of Propaganda During The World War II1331 Words   |  6 Pagesactions in Poland, Chamberlain had the support of France and America in their fight against the Nazi’s. America did their part in WWII by providing Troops, Tanks, Fighters, etc. These army weapons and vehicles cost money that the country was having trouble getting due to the supply and demand of the war effort. So the U.S used the technique propaganda to gain both the money to buy material and the soldiers they needed to fight t he war. In the end WWII laid the foundation for advancement in technologyRead MoreWomen s Roles During The Civil War1261 Words   |  6 PagesWomen s Roles During The Civil War Women were considered frail, unintelligent, and unable to make decisions in eighteen-hundredths America. It was traditional wisdom that a woman’s place was in the home. The Civil War marked a turning point for women and their role in society. Through my research consisting of books, letters, speeches, and articles, I will tell the story of a time in America when women rose to satisfy the needs of the country when most men were away fighting the war. This essayRead MoreThe Marquis Of Revolutions : The French Revolution1501 Words   |  7 PagesStarting a new chapter in the young Marquis s life, he decided to join the Royal Army when he was fourteen years of age. Two years later he married Marie Adrienne Francoise de Noailles (Biography). At nineteen years of age, the marquis heard of the American revolution. Lafayette s father s death fueled his desire to fight against the British in a righteous cause (History.org). He departed for the rebellious colonies without seeking the king of France s permission (Marquis de Lafayette Biography)Read MoreWomen During The War : The Silent Heroes1676 Words   |  7 Pages When the war broke out many men were deployed to fight but, without the help of women many of the men would have never survived. Between 4,000 and 15,000 women were sent to Vietnam for various reasons. Approximately 90% of the women were nurses. Though most of the women were nurses a select few were there in all military branches. Even though these women were in the specific branches they never fought on the frontline. The WAC, Women s Army Cooperation, in 1970 had twenty officers and oneRead MoreWomen and Their Role in the Civil War2492 Words   |  10 Pagescaused women to fight harder and soon a new generation of independent women arose in the early 1990s. Nowadays, self-sufficient women can be found everywhere as CEOs in companies like PepsiCo and Kraft Foods or as associate justices on the Supreme Court. However, all the strides ta ken thus far had its origins not in businesses or the government but in the military. Since Joan of Arc first picked up a sword to fight for the French, women have disguised themselves as men in order to fight for their country

Opposing Attitudes Towards Great Britain During The...

The colonists had many opposing attitudes towards Great Britain prior to and during the Revolutionary War. Some of these attitudes began to surface as early as the Seven Year War. When Great Britain began to try to recoup the cost of the Seven Year War, as well as support the new territories gained from the war as well as the old ones (5.4). After numerous costly encounters with the Indians in the newly acquired territory, Britain issued a proclamation. Proclamation Line of 1763 restricted the settlement of any territory past the Appalachian Mountains. This act was an effort to end the expensive conflicts that the Crown had to pay for (5.5). The act enraged settlers that had hoped to gain rich farmland after the Seven Year War and to help improve themselves economically (5.5). Many turned to attacking property and not paying taxes to taking over courthouses and harassing local officials (5.6). An uprising was beginning. Instead of having conflict among themselves, the colonists began to unite and turn on the authorities. As the colonists united, they came together on different issues from impressment of colonial men into the Navy to quartering troops (5.7). With the distance between the Colonies and Great Britain and the prosperity from colonial trade, Parliament often turned a blind eye to the colonies. Smuggling was often ignored as long as the Crown was prospering still. Due to the distance, Parliament also allowed local government make decisions for the colonies (5.9).Show MoreRelatedThe Sons Of Liberty And Their Influence On Colonial Rule1948 Words   |  8 PagesThroughout the latter half of the 16th Century, the Sons of Liberty were highly significant in propagating discontent towards colonial rule in America, ultimately leading to its independence. The Surge in the number of patriotic revolutionary groups, seen in the late 1700’s, can be attributed to the Sons of Liberty and their influence on the public’s attitude towards colonial rule. Numerous forms of propaganda were used by the Sons, reflecting poorly upon colonial rule, therefore furthering discontentRead MoreThe Battle Of New Orleans3320 Words   |  14 PagesAmerican independence from Great Britain was at first all just a dream from new American colonists. After years of war and key battles with British forces during the Revolutionary War, this dream became a reality. However, some issues promised to be fixed after the Revolutionary War were not corrected. Great Britain had agreements and treaties that were left unfulfilled in the eyes of Americans. One major battle served as a resolution to all American problems with Great Britain, and served as an endingRead MoreThe American Dream and the Revolutionary Period1844 Words   |  7 PagesThe revolutionary period began with a few small voices clamoring for a revolution and a dream of freedom from past tyrants. This gave root to what is known as today as the American Dream. A dream that in the land of the free and the home of the brave anything is possible and all things can be achieved. The American Dream revealed in Revolutionary period writing, consisted of the rebellious colonists desire to seize the current oppressive government, become citizens of a country where unalienableRead MoreThe Development of International Relations4170 Words   |  17 Pagesrelations emerged when it did, during the course of modern history. Even though, the history and the origins of this discipline alone does not reveal everything we need to know about how international relations functions in this day and age, it certainly would help us to understand the legacy left behind by this study’s original purpose, international gains and calamities, and by its traditional schools of thought; explanations starting from the time of the Great Powers, to the French RevolutionRead MoreRussia Notes as/A2 1881-19147263 Words   |  30 Pagesunder the control of the central executive - less local freedom and l ess efficient. †¢ 1881 - First pogrom against Jews - not directly ordered by govt but not discouraged either. 5 million Jews were blamed for Russia’s problems and some joined revolutionary groups. †¢ Russification - an attempt by Alexander III’s govt to restrict the influence of national minorities within the Russian Empire. Russian was declared the official language. State interference in education, administration and religionRead MoreMolotov Ribbentrop Pact7210 Words   |  29 Pagesof these countries. Thereafter, Germany and the Soviet Union invaded, on September 1 and 17 respectively, their respective sides of Poland, dividing the country between them. Part of eastern Finland was annexed by the Soviet Union after the Winter War. This was followed by Soviet annexations of Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina and Hertza region. Names The Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact is commonly referred to under a number of names in addition to the official one and the oneRead MoreWorld War One was the Deciding Factor in the Collapse of Tsarism in Russia2428 Words   |  10 PagesWorld War One was the Deciding Factor in the Collapse of Tsarism in Russia Nicholas II’s abdication in February 1917 marked the end of Tsarism in Russia and the end of over 100 years of Romanov rule. By the time the war broke out in 1914 almost every section of Russian society felt betrayed by the autocracy, in particular the peasants and the growing number of urban workers. The peasants increasingly resented being exploited by the nobility and governing elite, and althoughRead MoreThe Impact of United States Presidential Elections on the World View (Standing) of America2099 Words   |  9 Pagesfactor for the first time with the Federalists branding the Republicans as Jacobins after Robespierres revolutionary faction in France. The Republicans opposed a recently negotiated treaty with Great Britain which the Federalists believed was the only way to avoid a potential war with Britain. The Democratic-Republicans tended to side with France while the Federalists sided with Great Britain. America understood the importance of world events on our country, but other countries paid little attentionRead MoreWar Is The Most Critical Path A Country2442 Words   |  10 PagesIraq War A war is the most critical path a country can take; it determines the future of that country thereafter. Wars have many complex causes and purposes. A casus belli can be truthful or fabricated depending on two criteria: the purposes and the outcomes of a war, and the attitudes of both sides of the war. In ancient world, a pre-emptive war, a war commenced to prevent an anticipated attack, was a necessity to guarantee the security of any nation; this type of wars has become less practicedRead MorePrussian Military Reforms Essay2273 Words   |  10 Pages Innovation and Evolution: Prussian Military Reforms of the 19th Century The concept of war as a static and unchanging occurrence is an outdated and dangerous miscalculation. More accurately, war is a fluidic, evolving and shifting phenomenon constantly reinventing itself, rendering stagnant, inflexible principles potentially disastrous. Consequently, as students of war and future players in this transforming theatre, the study of eras of significant development is an extremely relevant

Civil diobedience Essay Example For Students

Civil diobedience Essay Not everyone knows what civil disobedience is. Civil is something relating to a community or to a citizen. Disobedience is failure or refusal to obey. Therefore, civil disobedience is citizens failing to obey the law. Not meaning robbery or murder but to protest against something. Speaking your mind when something is not right. For example a group of people might be against killing animals. A group of vegetarians may stand out in front of a meat market holding signs a chanting how they dont think that people should eat meat because innocent animals are being killed. They may try to tell the customers how they are doing a terrible thing. They would state their opinions hoping the people may listen. This is civil disobedience because they are cousing tension between the owner of the store and themselves. It may cause a battle between the vegitarians and the meat eaters. If you do not have a permit to protest then you cannot protest. It is against the law. Even though they are not harmi ng anyone physically it is still illegal and they can be punished for it. Someone like Martin Luther King Jr. would probably not agree. Martin Luther King Jr. was a minister of a Baptist church. He became the president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. This was an organization of all races from all over the country to fight nonviolently for racial integration. King was in Birmingham and led a protest that had been very civilized. The police then reacted violently making the civil protest a violent one. King then wrote his Letter from Birmingham Jail. His audience is clergymen of the area. In this letter he uses people like the Apostle Paul and Jesus Christ.King says, An unjust law is no law at all. Therefore, one can and bust defy man-made law I it violates a higher moral law. He used this so the clergymen can relate. These are the people the clergymen worship and follow, so King figured they might listen. King felt Birmingham had been unjust and segregated. He says, To put it in the terms of St. Thomas Aquinas, an unjust law is a human law that is not rooted in eternal and natural law. Again he refers to someone the clergymen are familiar with. Trying to have understood. The thing that bothered King most was that white ministers knew this was justice and they just kept silent. They did not do anything to say blacks should have equal rights even though they believed they should. Instead they were silent which King thought was just as bad as hateful words and actions. King argues that the clergymen referred to the activity in Birmingham as extreme. He did not like the act they called him an extremist. Then he explains it is okay because, what about Jesus? He was an extremist. Then he mentioned more people like Amos, Paul, Jon Bunyan, Lincoln, and Jefferson. Everything King wrote in his letter he backed up with religious people, people who had made a difference in this world. He talks about the belief in god and to know moral and unjust laws. Every individual should have equal rights, according to King. That is in the Constitution. The thing is that not everybody does. Everyone is equally worth the same, but that is not expressed by everyone. This is one of Kings main arguments. Martin Luther King Jr. wrote this to make a difference in how people are treated. The way people are treated is very important and he wanted to be supported. Many people did support him but were silent about how they felt. King tried to get them to express the way they feel as he had done himself. So the best he did was write the Letter from Birmingham Jail hoping the clergymen would listen and take a stand. At the end of his letter he apologized if he had said anything to offend anyone. He also states, I hope this letter finds you strong in the faith. And I believe that is what King really wanted to do. Get people in touch with what they believe in. We then have a document by Morris I Leibman who is a lawyer. In this document, Civil Disobedience: Aid or Hindrance to Justice? Leibman explains why he does not agree with civil disobedience. .u0577e9c1946639e3635d04d4bb2ae99f , .u0577e9c1946639e3635d04d4bb2ae99f .postImageUrl , .u0577e9c1946639e3635d04d4bb2ae99f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0577e9c1946639e3635d04d4bb2ae99f , .u0577e9c1946639e3635d04d4bb2ae99f:hover , .u0577e9c1946639e3635d04d4bb2ae99f:visited , .u0577e9c1946639e3635d04d4bb2ae99f:active { border:0!important; } .u0577e9c1946639e3635d04d4bb2ae99f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0577e9c1946639e3635d04d4bb2ae99f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0577e9c1946639e3635d04d4bb2ae99f:active , .u0577e9c1946639e3635d04d4bb2ae99f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0577e9c1946639e3635d04d4bb2ae99f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0577e9c1946639e3635d04d4bb2ae99f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0577e9c1946639e3635d04d4bb2ae99f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0577e9c1946639e3635d04d4bb2ae99f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0577e9c1946639e3635d04d4bb2ae99f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0577e9c1946639e3635d04d4bb2ae99f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0577e9c1946639e3635d04d4bb2ae99f .u0577e9c1946639e3635d04d4bb2ae99f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0577e9c1946639e3635d04d4bb2ae99f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Color Symbolism In The Great Gatsby EssayHe states, In a democratic society, any violation of the law is an uncivil act. What he is saying is that no matter what you are doing whether it is civil or not you are still breaking the law. He uses all legal principals to explain why he does not agree. The opposing side is a book Civil Disobedience: Aid or Hindrance to Justice? by Morris I. Leibman. He states In a democratic society, any violation of the law is an uncivil act Leibman is a lawyer who believes any law broken is an uncivil act. He goes by the rules, the rule of law. Leibman believes there is nothing civil about disobedience. Any law that is broken is wrong. Leibman argues, the cast majority of its adult citizens are able to influence the law by freely voting for their own representatives. He is saying because citizens have the right to vote they can give their opinion that way. They do not need to break the law and go against the majority. They should respect the decision of the American society. Assumptions Leibman made are that not everyone is going to agree with with the laws passed. There will always be problems, even with just systems. There can always be another way to go around it. He states, the just system includes multiple opportunities for peaceful change and development. He uses Article 28 and 29 from the Declaration of Independence. They say that Americans have the right to public order and the general welfare and a democratic society. There is always room for improvement he continuously states throughout his lecture. To him there is no reason at all to break the law. He wants to get rid of civil disobedience all together. If people werent civil there would always be problems. To him civil disobedience is contradicting itself. Civil and disobedience means completely opposite things. Therefore, to him civil disobedience is wrong and you should obey the law no matter what. I agree with Martin Luther King Jr. His points are very convincing. I believe that moral laws are higher then man-made laws. People should be able to speak their minds. If something is bothering someone they should be able to try to fix it. They should be able to tell the world what is wrong so maybe people will listen. As long as they are not harming anyone or anything it is fine t o let the society know what can used changes. Not everyone has to agree with that person they do not even need to listen to them. But if it makes that person feel better by knowing they tried then let them. There is nothing wrong with letting people know how you feel. King refers to people who have made a difference and to me that is a very big deal. Just knowing that I am reading something by Martin Luther King Jr. makes me really interested in what I am reading. Once I was finished reading the letter I really felt he was trying to get in touch with what they believe in. I dont think people should follow a crowd. They should listen to themselves and stick up for themselves and be original. Leibman says people have the right to vote. That is true but if you vote and you dont win where is the justice in that. He believes in all man-made laws. Not everyone agrees with them. I think some laws cause more problems just because people dont agree. In conclusion King argues that a man has a right to take the law into his own hands, if the law is unjust. He also states that if the law is morally wrong any person should be able to disobey that law. Leibman contradicts by stating whether or not the person believes the law to be unjust he still should not break that law. He believes that if a person has a problem with the law, they should use the judicial system to correct it into their beliefs. Is civil disobedience justified in a democratic society? This question will never have a correct answer. Everyone will have his or her own opinion when it comes to this topic. Some people will agree some will disagree. After reading King and Leibman side I have made a decision of agreeing with civil disobedience. .u1d7ab93bf797ac373e8941364ba263dd , .u1d7ab93bf797ac373e8941364ba263dd .postImageUrl , .u1d7ab93bf797ac373e8941364ba263dd .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1d7ab93bf797ac373e8941364ba263dd , .u1d7ab93bf797ac373e8941364ba263dd:hover , .u1d7ab93bf797ac373e8941364ba263dd:visited , .u1d7ab93bf797ac373e8941364ba263dd:active { border:0!important; } .u1d7ab93bf797ac373e8941364ba263dd .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1d7ab93bf797ac373e8941364ba263dd { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1d7ab93bf797ac373e8941364ba263dd:active , .u1d7ab93bf797ac373e8941364ba263dd:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1d7ab93bf797ac373e8941364ba263dd .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1d7ab93bf797ac373e8941364ba263dd .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1d7ab93bf797ac373e8941364ba263dd .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1d7ab93bf797ac373e8941364ba263dd .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1d7ab93bf797ac373e8941364ba263dd:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1d7ab93bf797ac373e8941364ba263dd .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1d7ab93bf797ac373e8941364ba263dd .u1d7ab93bf797ac373e8941364ba263dd-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1d7ab93bf797ac373e8941364ba263dd:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Laws Of War EssayBibliography: